The modern world relies to a great extent, on textile/polymer composites, the majority of which are rubber/textile compositions.
The physical properties of a coated fabric are affected by the nature of the fiber and the construction of the textile substrate.
vikamshi optimize substrates by combining the right fiber ( Mono & Multi filament) , weave method (Square & Cross Woven, Multi axial, Knitted, Twill, Cords) and constructions (Denier, Counts, Dtex, EPI, PPI ) to deliver the required properties.
This information is intended to be a convenient reference for textile terminology which covers the basic characteristics and properties of the most popular fabrics for rubber reinforcement and will assist in choosing an appropriate textile material suitable for a particular application.
At vikamshi, we welcome the opportunity to assist our customers in the selection of specific substrates.
The main types of fibers used in reinforcement of rubber for coating industry, characteristics & general characteristics are discussed in this part.
Properties |
Cotton |
Rayon |
Nylon |
Polyester |
Aramid
|
Glass |
|
1Moisture Regain |
8.5 % |
13.0 % |
4.5 % |
0.5 % |
2.5 % |
0.0 % |
|
2Wet Strength (% of Dry) |
120% |
Appx. 60% |
> 90 % |
> 90 % |
> 90 % |
> 90 % |
|
Water Resistance |
Swells & Decomposes |
Swells & Decomposes |
Not significantly affected |
Not significantly affected |
No effect |
No effect |
|
Heat Resistance |
Good to 150 0C |
Good to 150 0C |
Good to 180 0C |
Good to 180 0C |
Good to 250 0C |
Good to 500 0C |
|
Melting Point |
Decomposes over 230 0C |
Decomposes over 210 0C |
Nylon 6.0- 225 0C Nylon 6.6- 250 0C |
250 0C |
Decomposes over 500 0C |
Softening- 850 0C Melting- 1150 0C |
|
Resistance to Acids |
Attached by hot dilute and cold concentrated acids |
Attached by hot dilute and cold concentrated acids |
Good in normal use, soluble in hot concentrated acids |
Good in normal use, soluble in hot concentrated acids |
Excellent in normal use, soluble in boiling concentrated sulphuric acid |
Good resistance |
|
Resistance to Alkalis |
Resistant but swells |
Resistant but swells and loses strength in concentrated alkali |
Resistant |
Generally good, but slightly hydrolysed with amines and hot concentrated alkalis |
Resistant |
Resistant |
|
3Solvents; Standard |
Resistant |
Resistant |
Resistant |
Resistant |
Resistant |
Resistant |
|
Solvents; Other |
Soluble in 70% sulphuric acid and cuprammonium hydroxide |
Soluble in 70% sulphuric acid and cuprammonium hydroxide |
Soluble in phenol, M-cresol, boiling 80% acetic acid. In dimethyl formaide Nylon 6.6 soluble and Nylon 6 insoluble |
Soluble in phenols and hot solvent mix of cyclo hexanone, benzyl alcohol, nitrobenzene and dimethyl phthalate. Dissolve in hot concentrated alkali, ethylene glycol |
Soluble in boiling concentrated sulphuric acid and mix solvents of amides, alkali chlorides |
Excellent Resistance and insoluble in organic solvent |
|
Weathering |
Mildew & Microbiological attack |
Mildew & Microbiological attack Little more resistant in compare to cotton |
Resistant and transparent to UV light |
Resistant and slight fluorescence under UV light |
Resistant to sunlight and weathering. Good in cold upto -80 0C |
Excellent sunlight and ageing resistance |
|
Identification |
Burning |
Burns readily with burnt paper / leaves odour |
Burns readily with burnt paper / leaves odour |
Burns with clear bluish flame, forms bead Celery odour |
Burns with smoky black yellowish flame, forms bead. Sweetish odour |
Does not burn or melt. Kevlar & Twaron yellow in colour |
Does not burn or support combustion |
Shirlastain A Cold Boiling |
Purple -- |
Pink Purple |
Dull Yellow Orange |
Not Stained |
Not Stained |
Not Stained Brittle if folded or pressed. |
Weave type, Mechanical strength (tensile, tear, puncture resistance and burst limit) stretch and shrinkage, flexibility /rigidity, chemical resistance, thermal properties, bonding – adhesion with coatings and aesthetic considerations.
Properties |
Cotton a |
Rayon |
Polyamide |
Polyester |
Aramid |
Glass |
||
Viscose |
Polynosic |
Nylon 6 |
Nylon 6.6 |
|||||
Specific Gravity |
1.54 |
1.52 |
1.52 |
1.14 |
1.14 |
1.38 |
1.44 |
2.54 |
Mean filament diameter (µm) |
15 |
8 |
8 |
25 |
25 |
25 |
12 |
- |
Mean decitex per filament |
1.6 |
1.8 |
1.8 |
6.7 |
6.7 |
5.7 |
1.7 |
- |
Tensile Strength (MPa) |
230 |
685 |
850 |
850 |
950 |
1100 |
2750 |
2250 |
Tenacity ( cN/Tex) |
15 |
40 |
50 |
80 |
85 |
80 |
190 |
85 |
Elongation at Break (%) |
8 |
10 |
6 |
19 |
16 |
13 |
4 |
5 |
Initial Modulusb ( cN/Tex) |
225 |
600 |
800 |
300 |
500 |
850 |
4000 |
2150 |
Shrinkage @ 1500C (%) |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
6.0 |
5.0 |
11.0 |
0.2 |
0.0 |
The information are based on the result of many years of tests and trials which has been compiled from published literature, laboratory tests, actual field experience, informed judgments, details collected from textile manufacturers.
Committed to collaborate with Quality, Consistency & Reliability.
Please contact vikamshi for technical support while choosing the right elastomer for a specific application.