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Fabric & Substrates :


The modern world relies to a great extent, on textile/polymer composites, the majority of which are rubber/textile compositions.

The physical properties of a coated fabric are affected by the nature of the fiber and the construction of the textile substrate.

vikamshi optimize substrates by combining the right fiber ( Mono & Multi filament) , weave method (Square & Cross Woven, Multi axial, Knitted, Twill, Cords) and constructions (Denier, Counts, Dtex, EPI, PPI ) to deliver the required properties.

This information is intended to be a convenient reference for textile terminology which covers the basic characteristics and properties of the most popular fabrics for rubber reinforcement and will assist in choosing an appropriate textile material suitable for a particular application.

At vikamshi, we welcome the opportunity to assist our customers in the selection of specific substrates.

General Characteristics + -
Vikamshi works with a wide range of textiles and have also developed processes to work with open weave scrims, meshes.

The main types of fibers used in reinforcement of rubber for coating industry, characteristics & general characteristics are discussed in this part.

Properties

Cotton

Rayon

Nylon

Polyester

 

Aramid

 

Glass

1Moisture Regain

8.5 %

13.0 %

4.5 %

0.5 %

2.5 %

0.0 %

2Wet Strength (% of Dry)

120%

Appx. 60%

> 90 %

> 90 %

> 90 %

> 90 %

Water Resistance

Swells & Decomposes

Swells & Decomposes

Not significantly affected

Not significantly affected

No effect

No effect

Heat Resistance

Good to 150 0C

Good to 150 0C

Good to 180 0C

Good to 180 0C

Good to 250 0C

Good to 500 0C

Melting Point

Decomposes over 230 0C

Decomposes over 210 0C

Nylon 6.0- 225 0C

Nylon 6.6- 250 0C

250 0C

Decomposes over 500 0C

Softening- 850 0C

Melting- 1150 0C

Resistance to Acids

Attached by hot dilute and cold concentrated acids

Attached by hot dilute and cold concentrated acids

Good in normal use, soluble in hot concentrated acids

Good in normal use, soluble in hot concentrated acids

Excellent in normal use, soluble in boiling concentrated sulphuric acid

Good resistance

Resistance to Alkalis

Resistant but swells

Resistant but swells and loses strength in concentrated alkali

Resistant

Generally good, but slightly hydrolysed with amines and hot concentrated alkalis

Resistant

Resistant

3Solvents; Standard

Resistant

Resistant

Resistant

Resistant

Resistant

Resistant

Solvents; Other

Soluble in 70% sulphuric acid and cuprammonium hydroxide

Soluble in 70% sulphuric acid and cuprammonium hydroxide

Soluble in phenol, M-cresol, boiling 80% acetic acid. In dimethyl formaide Nylon 6.6 soluble and Nylon 6 insoluble

Soluble in phenols and hot solvent mix of cyclo hexanone, benzyl alcohol, nitrobenzene and dimethyl phthalate. Dissolve in hot concentrated alkali, ethylene glycol

Soluble in boiling concentrated sulphuric acid and mix solvents of amides, alkali chlorides

Excellent Resistance and insoluble in organic solvent

Weathering

Mildew & Microbiological attack

Mildew & Microbiological attack

Little more resistant in compare to cotton

Resistant and transparent to UV light

Resistant and slight fluorescence under UV light

Resistant to sunlight and weathering.

Good in cold

upto -80 0C

Excellent sunlight and ageing resistance

Identification

Burning

Burns readily with burnt paper / leaves odour

Burns readily with burnt paper / leaves odour

Burns with clear bluish flame, forms bead Celery odour

Burns with smoky black yellowish flame, forms bead. Sweetish odour

Does not burn or melt.

Kevlar & Twaron yellow in colour

Does not burn or support combustion

Shirlastain A

Cold

Boiling

 

Purple

--

 

Pink

Purple

 

Dull Yellow

Orange

Not Stained

Not Stained

Not Stained

Brittle if folded or pressed.

* These evaluations are qualitative and comparative only.
* It should not be construed as recommendations
* Choice should be based on practical consideration
1 Moisture regain is weight of water present as compared to oven dry weight
2 Wet Strength is the tensile strength measured with yarns soaked in water as compared with oven dry
3 Aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones or chlorinated solvents.
Physical Properties + -
vikamshi considers the following areas while advising for choosing the right fabric reinforcement or alternative substrate :

Weave type, Mechanical strength (tensile, tear, puncture resistance and burst limit) stretch and shrinkage, flexibility /rigidity, chemical resistance, thermal properties, bonding – adhesion with coatings and aesthetic considerations.

Properties

Cotton a

Rayon

Polyamide

Polyester

Aramid

Glass

Viscose

Polynosic

Nylon 6

Nylon 6.6

Specific Gravity

1.54

1.52

1.52

1.14

1.14

1.38

1.44

2.54

Mean filament diameter (µm)

15

8

8

25

25

25

12

-

Mean decitex per filament

1.6

1.8

1.8

6.7

6.7

5.7

1.7

-

Tensile Strength (MPa)

230

685

850

850

950

1100

2750

2250

Tenacity ( cN/Tex)

15

40

50

80

85

80

190

85

Elongation at Break (%)

8

10

6

19

16

13

4

5

Initial Modulusb ( cN/Tex)

225

600

800

300

500

850

4000

2150

Shrinkage @ 1500C (%)

0.0

0.0

0.0

6.0

5.0

11.0

0.2

0.0

a. Properties for 840 decitex ring –spun cotton yarn
b. Initial Modulus is the stress, extrapolated from that at 2% elongation, to give 100% elongation.

The information are based on the result of many years of tests and trials which has been compiled from published literature, laboratory tests, actual field experience, informed judgments, details collected from textile manufacturers.

* These evaluations are qualitative and comparative only.
* It should not be construed as recommendations
* Choice should be based on practical consideration
 

Committed to collaborate with Quality, Consistency & Reliability.

Please contact vikamshi for technical support while choosing the right elastomer for a specific application.

Head Office :
VIKAMSHI FABRICS PVT. LTD.
B/26-29, M.I.D.C, Khamgaon - 444303,
Dist Buldhana, Maharashtra, India.
Tel : +91-7263 277194
Fax : +91-7263 277195
Email : info@vikamshi.com
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